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SSC CGL Preparation – Day 7
Reasoning – Statement and Assumptions
๐ What is a Statement and Assumption Question?
- Statement: A given sentence expressing a fact, opinion, or proposal.
- Assumption: Something not directly stated, but believed or taken for granted in order for the statement to be valid.
Your task: Identify the assumption(s) that the speaker/writer must believe to be true for the statement to make sense.
๐ฏ Definition of Assumption
An assumption is an unstated premise. It’s what must be true for the given statement to be valid, logical, or reasonable.
โ Example
Statement: โStudents should bring umbrellas during the rainy season.โ
Assumption I: It rains during the rainy season.
Assumption II: Students know how to use umbrellas.
๐ฉ Correct answer: Only Assumption I is implicit.
๐ The statement makes sense only if we assume it rains in the rainy season.
๐ง Key Concepts
Concept | Explanation |
---|---|
Implicit | Not directly stated but can be inferred. |
Explicit | Clearly written in the statement (not an assumption). |
Valid Assumption | Something that must be true for the statement to be meaningful or logical. |
Invalid Assumption | Anything that introduces new information or speculation not needed for the logic. |
๐ How to Approach These Questions
- Read the statement carefully.
- Ask: โWhat must be true for this statement to make sense?โ
- Avoid guessing based on general knowledge.
- Donโt overthink โ stick to what is necessary for the statement.
โ ๏ธ Common Traps to Avoid
Trap | What It Means |
---|---|
Over-assuming | Including ideas not in the statement. |
Factual confusion | Mixing general facts with assumptions. |
Personal bias | Judging the statement based on personal views. |
๐ ๏ธ Common Types of Assumptions in SSC CGL
- General belief assumption
โค Statement assumes a general truth or belief. - Cause-effect assumption
โค Statement assumes X will cause Y. - Necessity assumption
โค Statement assumes something is needed to achieve something. - Feasibility assumption
โค Statement assumes the suggestion/proposal is practically possible.
๐งฉ Practice Examples
Q1.
Statement: โGovernment should reduce the tax on petrol.โ
Assumptions:
I. People will benefit from reduced petrol prices.
II. Government has enough funds to afford this reduction.
๐ฉ Answer: Only Assumption I is implicit.
๐ Explanation: Without assuming that people benefit, the statement has no meaning.
Q2.
Statement: โSchool should make uniforms compulsory.โ
Assumptions:
I. Uniform brings discipline.
II. Some students are not disciplined.
๐ฉ Answer: Only Assumption I is implicit.
๐ Explanation: The suggestion makes sense only if uniforms lead to discipline.
Q3.
Statement: โThe railway authority has increased the frequency of trains on the route.โ
Assumptions:
I. The number of passengers on this route may have increased.
II. People prefer rail travel.
๐ฉ Answer: Only Assumption I is implicit.
๐ Golden Rules to Identify Assumptions
Rule No. | Rule |
---|---|
1 | If the assumption must be true for the statement to work โ it’s implicit. |
2 | If the assumption introduces extra, unrelated facts โ it’s invalid. |
3 | General knowledge that supports the statement is allowed. |
4 | Don’t over-interpret. Stick to the surface logic. |
๐ Tips for SSC CGL Exam
- Expect 2โ3 questions from this topic.
- Options usually include:
- Only Assumption I is implicit
- Only Assumption II is implicit
- Both I and II are implicit
- Neither I nor II is implicit
- Focus on logical dependency, not truthfulness.
๐ง Quick Test Yourself (No answers here)
- Statement: โThe government should ban plastic bags.โ
Assumptions:
I. Plastic bags cause environmental damage.
II. Ban will reduce plastic use. - Statement: โAll train tickets should be booked online.โ
Assumptions:
I. Everyone has internet access.
II. Online booking is more efficient.