SSC CGL Preparation – Day 13

Reasoning: Blood Relations

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📘 What are Blood Relations?

Blood relation questions test your ability to understand and interpret family relationships based on given information.

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🔍 Types of Blood Relation Problems

1. Direct Relationships

Straightforward relationships such as:

• Father, Mother, Brother, Sister, Son, Daughter, Husband, Wife, Uncle, Aunt, etc.

2. Indirect or Coded Relationships

Given as coded statements like:

• A + B means A is the mother of B
• A – B means A is the brother of B

3. Puzzle-Based Family Trees

A paragraph describing relationships among multiple people. You need to construct a family tree diagram.

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📌 Basic Terminology Table

Term	Meaning
Father	Male parent
Mother	Female parent
Son	Male child
Daughter	Female child
Brother	Male sibling
Sister	Female sibling
Uncle	Father’s or mother’s brother
Aunt	Father’s or mother’s sister
Nephew	Brother’s/Sister’s son
Niece	Brother’s/Sister’s daughter
Cousin	Uncle’s or Aunt’s child

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🧠 Key Tips and Tricks

1. Draw a Family Tree
   Use symbols like:
   • Male: ♂
   • Female: ♀
   • Married couple: =
   • Vertical line (|) = Child
   • Horizontal line (—) = Sibling
2. Identify the Generation Gap
   • If the relationship spans 2 levels: e.g., grandfather, granddaughter.
   • Same level: sibling, cousin.
3. Solve from Back to Front in Statements
   For questions like: “A is the son of B who is the daughter of C…”, solve C → B → A.

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🧩 Example 1: Direct Relationship

Q: Pointing to a boy, Rita said, “He is the son of my mother’s only son.” How is the boy related to Rita?

🔹 Solution:

• Mother’s only son = Rita’s brother
• Son of her brother = Nephew

✅ Answer: Nephew

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🧩 Example 2: Puzzle-based Question

Q: A is the father of B. B is the sister of C. D is the mother of C. What is the relationship of D with A?

🔹 Solution:

• A (♂) → B (♀) and C
• B and C are siblings → A is father of both
• D is mother of C → D is wife of A

✅ Answer: Wife

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🧩 Example 3: Coded Relation

Code Key:

• A * B → A is the father of B
• A + B → A is the mother of B
• A – B → A is the brother of B

Q: If P + Q – R * S, then how is S related to P?

🔹 Solution (Decode right to left):

• R * S → R is father of S
• Q – R → Q is brother of R
• P + Q → P is mother of Q
  ⮕ So:
• P (♀) → Q (♂) → R (♂) → S
  → P is grandmother of S

✅ Answer: Grandmother

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🧠 Quick Practice Tips

• Use pen and paper for family trees
• Memorize basic structure:
  • Parents → Children → Grandchildren
  • Siblings on the same level
• Identify gender wherever possible

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📝 Daily Practice Challenge

1. Pointing to a woman, Raj said, “She is the daughter of the only son of my father.” How is the woman related to Raj?

✅ Answer: Niece

2. A is the brother of B. B is the daughter of C. C is the wife of D. How is D related to A?

✅ Answer: Father