SSC CGL Preparation – Day 12

MCQs – Indian Judiciary

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1. The Supreme Court of India was established in the year:

A) 1947
B) 1950
C) 1952
D) 1949

✅ Answer: B) 1950
📘 Explanation: The Supreme Court came into existence on January 28, 1950, two days after the Constitution was enforced.

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2. Who appoints the Chief Justice of India?

A) Prime Minister
B) Law Minister
C) President of India
D) Collegium of Judges

✅ Answer: C) President of India
📘 Explanation: The CJI is appointed by the President, traditionally based on seniority.

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3. What is the retirement age of Supreme Court judges?

A) 60 years
B) 62 years
C) 65 years
D) 68 years

✅ Answer: C) 65 years
📘 Explanation: As per Article 124(2), a Supreme Court judge retires at the age of 65.

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4. Under which article can the Supreme Court issue writs for enforcement of Fundamental Rights?

A) Article 32
B) Article 226
C) Article 14
D) Article 136

✅ Answer: A) Article 32
📘 Explanation: Article 32 empowers the Supreme Court to issue writs for the protection of Fundamental Rights.

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5. Which court is known as the ‘Guardian of the Constitution’?

A) High Court
B) District Court
C) Supreme Court
D) Sessions Court

✅ Answer: C) Supreme Court
📘 Explanation: It ensures that the Constitution is upheld and laws do not violate it.

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6. Which of the following has broader writ jurisdiction?

A) Supreme Court
B) High Court
C) Both have equal power
D) President

✅ Answer: B) High Court
📘 Explanation: High Courts can issue writs for Fundamental Rights and other legal rights (Article 226), unlike the SC (Article 32) which is limited to Fundamental Rights.

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7. The concept of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) was introduced in India by:

A) Parliament
B) Supreme Court
C) Constitution
D) Law Commission

✅ Answer: B) Supreme Court
📘 Explanation: PIL was evolved through judicial activism by the Supreme Court in the late 1970s.

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8. Which article deals with the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court?

A) Article 131
B) Article 124
C) Article 136
D) Article 226

✅ Answer: A) Article 131
📘 Explanation: It deals with disputes between the Centre and one or more States.

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9. What is the tenure of a High Court judge?

A) 65 years
B) 62 years
C) 60 years
D) 70 years

✅ Answer: B) 62 years
📘 Explanation: High Court judges retire at the age of 62 as per Article 217.

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10. Who has supervisory jurisdiction over Subordinate Courts?

A) Supreme Court
B) President
C) High Courts
D) Chief Justice of India

✅ Answer: C) High Courts
📘 Explanation: Under Article 227, High Courts have supervisory jurisdiction over subordinate courts.