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SSC CGL Preparation – Day 10
English – Active and Passive Voice
📘 What is Voice?
Voice is the form of a verb that shows whether the subject of the sentence performs the action (active) or receives the action (passive).
🔄 1. Active Voice vs Passive Voice
| Voice Type | Example |
|---|---|
| Active | Ram wrote a letter. (Ram = doer) |
| Passive | A letter was written by Ram. (Letter = receiver) |
🔍 2. Why Learn Voice?
- Voice change questions are commonly asked in SSC CGL exams.
- Helps improve writing style and clarity.
- Passive voice is useful when the doer is unknown, unimportant, or implied.
🧱 3. Structure and Rules
📌 A. Active to Passive Rule:
Object of Active Voice becomes the Subject of Passive Voice
Verb is changed to its past participle form
Use the appropriate form of “to be” (is/am/are/was/were/being/been/be)
🔁 Tense-wise Conversion:
| Tense | Active Voice | Passive Voice |
|---|---|---|
| Simple Present | She writes a letter. | A letter is written by her. |
| Present Continuous | She is writing a letter. | A letter is being written by her. |
| Present Perfect | She has written a letter. | A letter has been written by her. |
| Simple Past | She wrote a letter. | A letter was written by her. |
| Past Continuous | She was writing a letter. | A letter was being written by her. |
| Past Perfect | She had written a letter. | A letter had been written by her. |
| Future (will) | She will write a letter. | A letter will be written by her. |
| Future Perfect | She will have written a letter. | A letter will have been written by her. |
| Modal (can, should, etc.) | She can write a letter. | A letter can be written by her. |
🚫 Tenses That Cannot Be Changed into Passive:
- Future Continuous Tense
- Present Perfect Continuous Tense
- Past Perfect Continuous Tense
These tenses do not have passive forms in normal usage.
🧠 4. Important Notes
- Only transitive verbs (which take an object) can be changed into passive voice.
- Pronouns change as follows:
| Active | Passive |
|---|---|
| I | me |
| We | us |
| You | you |
| He | him |
| She | her |
| They | them |
| It | it |
🧩 5. Examples
✅ Simple Present:
- Active: They clean the room.
- Passive: The room is cleaned by them.
✅ Past Continuous:
- Active: He was repairing the car.
- Passive: The car was being repaired by him.
✅ Modal + Verb:
- Active: She can solve the problem.
- Passive: The problem can be solved by her.
🔁 6. Passive of Imperatives
💡 Structure:
Let + object + be + past participle
✅ Examples:
- Active: Open the door.
- Passive: Let the door be opened.
- Active: Do not waste time.
- Passive: Let time not be wasted.
📚 7. Common Questions in SSC CGL
Q: Change to passive: “The manager will give you a reward.”
✅ Ans: You will be given a reward by the manager.
Q: Change to passive: “They are watching the match.”
✅ Ans: The match is being watched by them.
🧪 Practice Tip:
- Always identify the tense and object.
- Convert the verb to past participle.
- Use the correct form of “to be” based on the tense.